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PHP Scopes in Functions, Loops, Modules, With Examples

PHP Variable Scopes

This article explains what variable scopes are, and how they work in the PHP programming language, with code examples. When programming in any language, you must be aware of how variables are scoped – otherwise, you risk unexpected behaviour, including incorrect calculations, or loss of data – detrimental outcomes for any application (especially if you are working with business records or financial data) that will result in angry users. What is a Variable? In computer programming, a variable stores a value, giving it a name that can … Read more

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How to Use Variable Variables in PHP, with Examples

PHP Variable Variables

Variable variables let you dynamically access variables by their name. Sound confusing? This article will explain PHP variable variables, and provide code examples. What is a variable? In computer programming, variables store a value, or reference to a value, for later use. Variables have names, and when you access a named variable, the value it contains can be read or updated. Declaring variables in PHP In PHP, a variable is declared when it is first used: Above, a variable named $myVariable is declared using the = (equals) operator, and assigned the … Read more

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Home » Search results for 'python string'

Checking for Equality (And Inequality) in JavaScript, with Examples

Equality and Inequality JavaScript

This article will explain equality and inequality in the JavaScript Programming language, and provide code examples showing how to check if values are equal in value and type. Checking whether two values are equal can get a bit confusing in JavaScript – there is loose equality and strict equality involving types to consider. Read on to find out how testing for equality and inequality works in JavaScript. What are equality and inequality? In programming, equality is the process of checking whether two values are equal … Read more

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How to Use the Bash echo Command, With Examples

How to use the echo command in Bash

The Bash echo command serves a simple purpose – it outputs (echos) text. Here’s how to use it, with examples. echo Command Syntax The echo command is very simple and has the following syntax: echo OPTIONS TEXT Note that: OPTIONS should be one of the following options -n Do not output a trailing newline -e Enable interpretation of backslash escapes This means that escape characters can be used to insert special characters into the output \\ backslash \a alert (BEL) \b backspace \c produce no further output \e escape \f form feed \n new line \r carriage return \t horizontal tab \v vertical … Read more

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for…in Loops in JavaScript – How to Use Them

JavaScript for...in loop

The for…in loop in JavaScript loops over all of the properties in an object. This article will explain why and how to use it. JavaScript Objects JavaScript objects are a kind of variable which store the properties for an item you are representing in your code. For example, you may have a car object, which of which the make, year, model, and colour of a car are it’s properties. Each car object would have it’s own separate list of properties which define that car. JavaScript objects can also be used as hash tables – providing … Read more

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LinuxScrew’s Linux Shell/Bash Scripting Tips

Bash script hot tips

Here are some handy tips to keep in mind when writing your shell scripts in Linux. Shell scripts are a versatile way to automate your workflows in Linux (and MacOS, and now Windows, with the Windows Subsystem for Linux). Shell scripting syntax and behaviour does have its quirks, and there are useful shortcuts you can take as well to simplify your scripts. Bash Scripting Tips These tips are collected from around the internet, with a few of my own thrown in. Bash scripts will keep … Read more

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How to Create a Countdown Timer in JavaScript

JavaScript Countdown Timer

This tutorial will demonstrate how to create a countdown timer in JavaScript, including a function you can copy and paste into your own code. The below code will break down creating a function which calculates the time until a certain future time, and how to run it repeatedly to affect a count down timer. Getting the time remaining until a certain date/time The below function will calculate the days, hours, minutes, and seconds to a target date: function timeToTarget(countdownString){ // Convert the string which specifies … Read more

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Find/Replace Text in JavaScript with replace() [Examples]

JavaScript find/replace text

This quick tutorial will show you how to find and replace text in JavaScript, with code examples. Replacing text in strings is something you will probably need to do quite often. JavaScript comes with the replace() method as part of it’s String objects to handle this functionality. JavaScript Strings JavaScript Strings are a type of variable used to store and manipulate a sequence of characters. There are also string primitives which represent only the characters and do not contain methods for manipulation, but JavaScript will implicitly convert between the two when required. The … Read more

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Formatting Numbers with the JavaScript toFixed()* Method [Examples]

JavaScript toFixed()

This tutorial will show you how to format numbers to a fixed number of decimal places in the JavaScript programming language. JavaScript Number Variables JavaScript variables have different types. The type of a variable defines what kinds of values it can hold, and what can be done with that value. Number typed variables hold numeric values and include a number of methods (built in functions) for performing numeric operations. Number variables are declared by simply assigning a numeric value to a variable, or using the Number … Read more

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Beginners Guide to Floating Point Arithmetic Precision

The Ultimate Beginners Guide to Floating Point Math/Arithmetic Precision Problems

This guide will explain the programming issues you will encounter when performing arithmetic with floating point numbers, and how to avoid them. The reason why these issues occur will be summarised and solutions will be provided. Floating point precision issues are common hurdle for beginner programmers – sometimes the result of what should be a simple mathematical operation comes out wrong, and little reason is given. Floating point precision issues are usually the cause, so here’s what they are and why this problem occurs. What … Read more